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Associate JusticeVery Conservative

Clarence Thomas

Appointed by George H.W. Bush

Confirmed in 1991

Biography

Justice Thomas has served on the Supreme Court since 1991, making him the longest-serving current justice. He is known for his originalist interpretation of the Constitution.

Ideology Score

3.28

Very Conservative

Based on Martin-Quinn Score Analysis

-4
Very Liberal
0
Moderate
+4
Very Conservative

About Martin-Quinn Scores

Martin-Quinn scores measure judicial ideology based on voting patterns. Negative scores indicate liberal voting patterns, while positive scores indicate conservative patterns. The scale typically ranges from -4 to +4.

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Years on Court

35

Since 1991

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Appointed By

George H.W. Bush

1991

Notable Rulings

McDonald v. Chicago

2010

Concurrence

Concurred that the Second Amendment right to keep and bear arms applies to state and local governments.

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Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health

2022

Concurrence

Concurred, arguing that substantive due process precedents should be reconsidered.

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New York State Rifle & Pistol Assn. v. Bruen

2022

Majority

Struck down New York's concealed carry permit law, expanding gun rights.

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Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard

2023

Concurrence

Concurred in striking down affirmative action in college admissions.

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Career Path

Assistant Attorney General1974–1977

Missouri

Legislative Assistant1979–1981

Senator John Danforth (R-MO)

Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights1981–1982

Dept. of Education

Chairman1982–1990

U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)

Circuit Judge1990–1991

U.S. Court of Appeals, D.C. Circuit

Associate Justice

Supreme Court of the United States · 1991–Present

⚠️ Controversies & Allegations (5)

Harlan Crow Real Estate & Luxury Gifts ($4M+)

CRITICAL2023

ProPublica revealed Thomas accepted over $4M in undisclosed luxury travel and gifts from Republican megadonor Harlan Crow, including private jet trips, superyacht voyages, and private school tuition for Thomas's grandnephew. Crow also purchased Thomas's mother's home.

Source: ProPublica, April 2023

Anthony Welters Private Jet Flights (Unreported)

HIGH2023

Additional unreported private jet travel from health care executive Anthony Welters, who had business before the federal government.

Source: ProPublica, 2023

Ginni Thomas January 6th Texts

HIGH2022

Thomas's wife Virginia 'Ginni' Thomas sent texts urging White House Chief of Staff Mark Meadows to overturn the 2020 election. Thomas refused to recuse himself from Jan. 6-related cases.

Source: Washington Post, 2022

Anita Hill Confirmation Hearing

HIGH1991

Anita Hill testified under oath that Thomas sexually harassed her while she was his employee at the EEOC. Thomas denied all allegations and was confirmed 52–48.

Source: Senate Judiciary Committee, 1991

20+ Years of Unreported Gifts

CRITICAL2023

Thomas failed to report Harlan Crow gifts on required financial disclosure forms for over two decades, in apparent violation of federal disclosure law.

Source: ProPublica, 2023

Financial Disclosures

Annual financial disclosure reports as required by the Ethics in Government Act.